In the realm of liquids, a captivating interplay exists between calm motion and the turbulent forces of turbulence. When a liquid currents smoothly, it exhibits delicate patterns, reminiscent of a drifting river. Molecules navigate in an orderly manner, their interactions nuanced. This balanced state is known as equilibrium. But when external

Thomson's Plum Pudding model, while groundbreaking for its time, faced several criticisms as scientists gained a deeper understanding of atomic structure. One major drawback was its inability to account for the results of Rutherford's gold foil experiment. The model assumed that alpha particles would traverse through the plum pudding with minimal s